Government Detail
Summary
Name | Level | Type/Class | Home Rule? |
---|---|---|---|
Lehigh, County of | county | County (Class: 3) | yes |
Detail
Census Creation Date | Created | Boundary Alteration Count | Dissolved |
---|---|---|---|
Mar 6, 1812 | 0 |
Map
Related
Identifier
Detail | Type | Source | Identifier | Relationship | Web Link |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
View | census | US Census Bureau FIPS: County | 42077 | Lead | |
View | geologic | USGS GNIS: Civil | 1209182 | Lead | View |
View | other | Wikidata | Q494117 | Lead | View |
View | state | Pennsylvania DCED: County | 39 | Lead |
Affected Government
Detail | How Affected | Adverse Government | How Adverse Affected | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
View | Creation | Northampton, County of | Reduction | Mar 6, 1812 |
View | Swap | Northampton, County of | Swap | 1813 |
View | Ascertainment | Berks, County of | Ascertainment | May 4, 1982 |
View | Ascertainment | Bucks, County of | Ascertainment | May 4, 1982 |
View | Ascertainment | Carbon, County of | Ascertainment | May 4, 1982 |
View | Ascertainment | Montgomery, County of | Ascertainment | May 4, 1982 |
View | Ascertainment | Northampton, County of | Ascertainment | May 4, 1982 |
View | Ascertainment | Schuylkill, County of | Ascertainment | May 4, 1982 |
View | Reference | Bucks, County of | Reference | May 4, 1982 |
View | Reference | Carbon, County of | Reference | May 4, 1982 |
View | Reference | Northampton, County of | Reference | May 4, 1982 |
View | Reference | Schuylkill, County of | Reference | May 4, 1982 |
Affected Government Form
Detail | Government Form | Date |
---|---|---|
View | County | Mar 6, 1812 |
View | County, 5th Class | Jul 10, 1919 |
View | County, 4th Class | Dec 30, 1930 |
View | County, 3rd Class | Jan 1, 1972 |
View | County, 3rd Class (Home Rule Charter) | Jan 2, 1978 |
Other Successful Event Links
Detail | Type | Description | Successful? | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
View | New Township | Northampton Township 1795 Creation | yes* | Aug 1795 |
View | New Borough | Northampton Borough 1811 Creation | yes | May 6, 1811 |
View | New Township | Lower Macungie Township-Upper Macungie Township 1832 Creation | yes | May 3, 1832 |
View | New Name | Allentown Borough 1838 Creation | yes | Apr 16, 1838 |
View | Annexation | Salisbury Township-Upper Saucon Township 1830s Annexation | yes* | 1837–1839 |
View | New Township | Dallas Township 1847 Creation | yes | Dec 6, 1847 |
View | New Name | Washington Township 1848 Creation | yes | Apr 11, 1848 |
View | Annexation | Allentown Borough Ordinance of 14 September 1852 | yes* | 1852 |
View | Annexation | Allentown Borough Ordinance of 30 August 1852 | yes* | 1852 |
View | General Law | Allentown Borough 1852 General Law | yes | May 18, 1852 |
View | New Township | Lower Milford Township 1852 Creation | yes | Dec 9, 1852 |
View | New Borough | Catasauqua Borough 1853 Creation | yes | Feb 19, 1853 |
View | Dissolution | Northampton Township to Salisbury Township-South Whitehall Township 1853 Merger | yes | Feb 26, 1853 |
View | New Borough | Millerstown Borough 1857 Creation | yes | Nov 13, 1857 |
View | New Borough | Emaus Borough 1859 Creation | yes | Oct 12, 1859 |
View | Annexation | Allentown Borough 1860 Ordinance | yes* | 1860 |
View | New Borough | Slatington Borough 1864 Creation | yes | Sep 20, 1864 |
View | New School District | Hokendauqua Independent School District 1860s Creation | yes* | 1864–1865 |
View | New City | Allentown City 1867 Creation | yes | Mar 15, 1867 |
View | New Township | East Whitehall Township 1867 Creation | yes | Oct 31, 1867 |
View | New Name | Whitehall Township 1867 Creation | yes | Nov 6, 1867 |
View | Annexation | Millerstown Borough Ordinance 6 | yes | Apr 29, 1868 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City 1869 Ordinance | yes* | 1869 |
View | New School District | Whitehall Township 1869 Independent School District | yes* | 1869 |
View | New Borough | Coplay Borough 1869 Creation | yes* | Apr 7, 1869 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City 1870 Ordinance | yes* | 1870 |
View | City Classification | Pennsylvania 1874 City Classification | yes | May 23, 1874 |
View | General Law | Allentown City 1874 General Law | yes | Sep 23, 1874 |
View | New Name | Macungie Borough 1875 Creation | yes | Nov 11, 1875 |
View | New Borough | Coopersburg Borough 1879 Creation | yes* | Dec 2, 1879 |
View | New Borough | West Bethlehem Borough 1886 Creation | yes | Oct 25, 1886 |
View | Annexation | Washington Township-Slatington Borough 1890 Annexation | yes* | 1890 |
View | New Borough | Fountain Hill Borough 1893 Creation | yes | Nov 27, 1893 |
View | Annexation | Hanover Township-Catasauqua Borough 1895 Annexation | yes | Aug 29, 1895 |
View | Annexation | Washington Township-North Whitehall Township 1897 Annexation | yes+ | 1896–1897 |
View | Township Classification | Pennsylvania 1899 Township Classification | yes | Apr 28, 1899 |
View | First Class Township | Whitehall Township 1900 1st Class | yes | Mar 5, 1900 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City 1901 Resolution | yes* | 1901 |
View | Annexation | Emaus Borough Ordinance 49 | yes* | 1903 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City 1904 Ordinance | yes* | 1904 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 96 | yes* | 1904 |
View | Dissolution | West Bethlehem Borough-Bethlehem Borough 1904 Consolidation | yes | Aug 16, 1904 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City 1906 Ordinance | yes* | 1906 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance of 16 January 1907 (Page 59) | yes* | 1907 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance of 21 September 1907 | yes* | 1907 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance of 7 June 1907 | yes* | 1907 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance of 14 August 1908 | yes* | 1908 |
View | Annexation | Catasauqua Borough Ordinance 149 | yes* | 1909 |
View | New Borough | South Allentown Borough 1909 Creation | yes* | May 21, 1909 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance of 1 December 1911 | yes* | 1911 |
View | New Borough | Alburtis Borough 1913 Creation | yes | May 9, 1913 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 72 | yes* | 1915 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 480 | yes | Feb 2, 1917 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 695 | yes* | 1918 |
View | New City | Bethlehem City 1918 Creation | yes | Jan 7, 1918 |
View | Annexation | Bethlehem City Ordinance 71 | yes* | Nov 1, 1918 |
View | Annexation | Fountain Hill Borough Ordinance 58 | yes* | 1919 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 887 | yes | Jun 20, 1919 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 1027 | yes* | 1920 |
View | Dissolution | Allentown City Ordinance 1033 | yes | Mar 1, 1920 |
View | Annexation | Emaus Borough Ordinance 158 | yes* | 1922 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 2831 | yes* | 1923–1924 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 2836 | yes* | 1923–1924 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 82 | yes* | 1924 |
View | Annexation | Emaus Borough Ordinance 168 | yes* | 1925 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 3056 | yes* | Jan 5, 1925 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 3190 | yes* | Jun 22, 1925 |
View | Annexation | Emaus Borough Ordinance 173 | yes* | 1926 |
View | Annexation | Emaus Borough Ordinance 167 | yes* | 1925–1927 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 193 | yes* | 1927 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 87 | yes* | 1928 |
View | Annexation | South Whitehall Township-Allentown City 1929 Annexation | yes | Jan 7, 1929 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 2556 | yes* | Nov 26, 1929 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 2606 | yes | May 29, 1930 |
View | Annexation | Emaus Borough Ordinance 212 | yes* | 1931 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 2637 | yes* | 1930–1932 |
View | Plat Recording | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 97 | yes* | 1934 |
View | New Name | Emmaus Borough 1938 Creation | yes | Jun 27, 1938 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 255 | yes | Nov 25, 1940 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 5640 | yes | Jul 5, 1947 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 9951 | yes | Nov 10, 1947 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 285 | yes | Dec 9, 1947 |
View | Annexation | Fountain Hill Borough Ordinance 157 and 158 | yes* | Sep 14, 1949 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 299 | yes | Dec 20, 1949 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 6610 | yes | Jun 27, 1951 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 6772 | yes | Jan 4, 1952 |
View | First Class Township | Salisbury Township 1952 1st Class | yes | Jan 7, 1952 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 267 | yes* | Nov 5, 1952 |
View | Annexation | Catasauqua Borough Ordinance 365 | yes* | 1953 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 304 | yes* | 1951–1953 |
View | Annexation | Catasauqua Borough Ordinance 357 | yes* | Feb 4, 1953 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 7218 | yes | Jul 1, 1953 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 7688 | yes | Mar 27, 1955 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 7880 and 7909 | yes | Nov 4, 1955 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 7964 | yes | Jan 20, 1956 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 326 | yes | May 9, 1956 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 8035 | yes | May 30, 1956 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 170 | yes* | 1957 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 330 | yes | Feb 25, 1957 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 8449 | yes | Oct 5, 1957 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 309 | yes* | Nov 5, 1957 |
View | Annexation | Bethlehem City Ordinance 1531 | yes* | 1958 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 8517 | yes | Mar 8, 1958 |
View | Annexation | Catasauqua Borough Ordinance 400 | yes* | May 27, 1958 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 8619 | yes | Jun 7, 1958 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 8769 | yes | Nov 15, 1958 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 176 | yes* | 1959 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 177 | yes* | 1959 |
View | Annexation | Alburtis Borough Ordinance 77 | yes | Feb 10, 1959 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 197 (19.84329 acre tract) | yes | Mar 11, 1959 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 197 (10.72 acre tract) | yes | Nov 3, 1959 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 9037 | yes | Dec 7, 1959 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 202 | yes* | 1960 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 373 | yes* | 1960 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 186 | yes* | 1960 |
View | Annexation | Bethlehem City Ordinance 1679 | yes | Mar 13, 1961 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 9575 | yes | Oct 1, 1961 |
View | Mayor-Council Form | Bethlehem City 1962 Optional Charter | yes | Jan 1, 1962 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 9693 | yes | Jan 13, 1962 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10072 | yes* | 1963 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10077 | yes* | 1963 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 199 | yes | Dec 12, 1963 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10328 | yes* | 1963–1964 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10401 | yes* | 1964 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 348 | yes | Apr 28, 1964 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10726 | yes* | 1965 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 248 | yes* | 1965 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 251 | yes* | 1965 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 358 | yes* | 1965 |
View | Annexation | Alburtis Borough Ordinance 124 | yes* | 1966 |
View | First Class Township | South Whitehall Township 1966 1st Class | yes | Jan 3, 1966 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10865 | yes | Feb 28, 1967 |
View | Annexation | Macungie Borough Ordinance 212 and 221 | yes | Nov 28, 1968 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 453 | yes* | 1969 |
View | Mayor-Council Form | Allentown City 1970 Optional Charter | yes | Jan 5, 1970 |
View | Boundary Realignment | Allentown City-Salisbury Township 1970s Boundary Ascertainment | yes* | 1970–1971 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 264 | yes* | 1968–1971 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 484 | yes | Nov 8, 1972 |
View | Home Rule | Whitehall Township 1976 Home Rule | yes | Jan 5, 1976 |
View | Home Rule | Hanover Township 1978 Home Rule | yes | Jan 2, 1978 |
View | Boundary Realignment | Lehigh County 1979 Township Boundary Realignment | yes | Feb 21, 1979 |
View | Annexation | Lowhill Township-North Whitehall Township 1980 Annexation | yes* | 1980 |
View | Boundary Realignment | North Whitehall Township-Washington Township 1981 Boundary Ascertainment | yes | Oct 9, 1981 |
View | Annexation | Hanover Township-Catasauqua Borough 1982 Annexation | yes* | 1982 |
View | Boundary Realignment | Lower Milford Township 1990 Boundary Ascertainment | yes | Oct 22, 1990 |
View | Home Rule | Allentown City 1997 Home Rule | yes | Jan 6, 1997 |
View | First Class Township | Lower Macungie Township 2008 1st Class | yes | Jan 7, 2008 |
Government Action
Detail | Action | Date | Approved | Effective | Location |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
View | Proclamation: [Classifying Whitehall Township as a first class township] | Dec 1899 | |||
View | Election: [For or against the incorporation of the Borough of Bethlehem as a city of the third class by the name, style, and title of the City of Bethlehem] | Nov 2, 1915 | |||
View | Election: [For or against the incorporation of the Municipality of Bethlehem and the Municipality of South Bethlehem as a city of the third class by the name, style, and title of the City of Bethlehem] | Jul 10, 1917 | |||
View | Election: "SHALL THE EASTERN ELECTION DISTRICT OF SOUTH WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP LEHIGH COUNTY PA, BE ANNEXED TO THE CITY OF ALLENTOWN IN SAID COUNTY?" | Nov 6, 1928 | |||
View | Election: "SHALL SALISBURY TOWNSHIP, LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, BECOME A TOWNSHIP OF THE FIRST CLASS?" | Nov 6, 1951 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: [For or against the election of a charter commission for the City of Bethlehem] | Nov 4, 1958 | |||
View | Election: "Shall Mayor-Council Plan A of the Optional Third Class City Charter Law, providing for seven councilmen to be elected at large, be adopted by the City of Bethlehem?" | Nov 3, 1959 | |||
View | Election: "SHALL SOUTH WHITEHALL TOWNSHIP, LEHIGH COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, BECOME A TOWNSHIP OF THE FIRST CLASS?" | Nov 2, 1965 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: [For or against the election of a charter commission for the City of Allentown] | Nov 8, 1966 | |||
View | Election: "Shall the Mayor-Council Plan A of the Optional Third Class City Charter Law providing for seven councilmen to be elected at large be adopted by the City of Allentown?" | Nov 7, 1967 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election | Nov 7, 1972 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: "Shall a Government Study Commission of eleven members be elected to study the form and plan of government of the Township of Whitehall, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, to study and consider the advisability of the adoption of an Optional Plan of Government or a Home Rule Charter and to recommend whether or not an Optional Form of Government or a Home Rule Charter should be adopted?" | Nov 7, 1972 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: [For or against the election of a government study commission for the County of Lehigh] | May 21, 1974 | |||
View | Election: "Shall the Home Rule Charter contained in the report, dated May 1974, of the Government Study Commission, prepared in accordance with the Home Rule Charter and Optional Plans Law, be adopted by the TOWNSHIP OF WHITEHALL?" | Nov 12, 1974 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: "Shall a government study commission of seven members be elected to study the existing form of government of the municipality, to consider in the advisability of the adoption of a home rule charter; and if advisable, to draft and to recommend a home rule charter [for the Township of Hanover]?" | May 20, 1975 | |||
View | Charter Commission Final Report: [Recommending the adoption of a home rule charter for "The County of Lehigh"] | Aug 26, 1975 | Jan 2, 1978 | ||
View | Election: "Shall the Home Rule Charter contained in the report dated August 26, 1975 of the Government Study Commission, prepared in accordance with the Home Rule Charter and Optional Plans Laws, be adopted by the County of Lehigh" | Nov 4, 1975 | |||
View | Election: "Shall the Home Rule Charter contained in the report, dated August 1, 1976, of the Government Study Commission prepared in accordance with the Home Rule Charter and Optional Plans Law, be adopted by Hanover Township, Lehigh County?" | Nov 2, 1976 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election | May 15, 1979 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: "Shall a governmental study commission of seven members be elected to study the existing form of government of the municipality, to consider the advisability of the adoption of a home rule charter; and if advisable, to draft and to recommend a home rule charter [for the City of Allentown]?" | Apr 22, 1980 | |||
View | Election: "Shall six residential lots (totaling 5.25 acres) on the extreme westerly end of Trexler Road, Schnecksville be annexed into North Whitehall Township?" | Apr 22, 1980 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election | Nov 4, 1980 | |||
View | Election | Nov 4, 1980 | Rejected | ||
View | Election: "Shall the Home Rule Charter contained in the report dated October 1, 1981 of the Government Study Commission, prepared in accordance with the Home Rule Charter and Optional Plans Law, be adopted by the City of Allentown?" | May 18, 1982 | Rejected | ||
View | Election | May 18, 1982 | |||
View | Charter Commission Election: [For or against the election of a government study commission for the City of Allentown] | May 10, 1994 | |||
View | Election: "Shall Lower Macungie Township, which is presently a township of the second class, become a township of the first class?" | Nov 7, 1995 | Rejected | ||
View | Election: "Shall the Home Rule Charter contained in the report, dated February 13, 1996, of the Government Study Commission, prepared in accordance with the Home Rule Charter and Optional Plans Law, be adopted by the City of Allentown?" | Apr 23, 1996 | |||
View | Resolution 30, 2006: Meeting the provisions of Section 206 of the First Class Township Code | Nov 21, 2006 | |||
View | Election: "Shall Lower Macungie Township, which is presently a Township of the second class, become a Township of the first class?" | Nov 6, 2007 |
Research Log
Detail | Type/Notes | Log Date | Coverage |
---|---|---|---|
Election Docket | bk. 1922-1959 (1922–1959) | ||
Law Library Visit | |||
Miscellaneous Book (Rec.Dd.) | bk. 5, p. 1–5, p. 200 (1850–1853) | ||
Miscellaneous Book (Rec.Dd.) | bk. 8, p. 300–8, end (1869–1870) | ||
Miscellaneous Book (Rec.Dd.) | bk. 14, p. 180–14, p. 300 (1879–1880) | ||
Quarter Sessions Docket | bk. R–X (1912–1924) | ||
Road Docket | bk. 4–6 (1869–1930s) | ||
Road Docket | bk. 9 (1961–1998) |
National Archives
Detail | Source | Set | Government | File Unit | From | To |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
View | 1940-1950 Cns. Minor Civ. Div. Corr. | Lehigh County | 17500451 | 845 | 858 | |
View | Cns. Mp. | 1940 | Lehigh County | 5837813 | 1 | 1 |
View | Cns. Mp. | 1950 | Lehigh County | 36433200 | 1 | 1 |
View | Cns. Mp. | 1950 | Urbanized Area, Allentown-Bethlehem | 36433368 | 1 | 1 |
Other Event Links
Detail | Type | Description | Successful? | Date |
---|---|---|---|---|
View | New Township | North Whitehall Township Proposed 1846 Division | no* | 1846 |
View | New Township | North Whitehall Township Proposed 1864 Division | no | 1864 |
View | School District Dissolution | Hokendauqua Independent School District Proposed 1868 Dissolution | unknown | 1868 |
View | New School District | South Whitehall Township-Whitehall Township Proposed 1869 Independent School District | no* | 1869 |
View | New School District | Whitehall Township Proposed 1869 Independent School District (Butz) | unknown | 1869 |
View | New School District | Whitehall Township Proposed 1869 Independent School District (Marsteller) | unknown | 1869 |
View | Boundary Realignment | Lehigh County-Northampton County Proposed 1879 Boundary Ascertainment | unknown | 1879–1895 |
View | New Borough | South Allentown Borough Proposed 1905 Creation | no | 1905 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance of 16 January 1907 (Page 57) | no | 1907 |
View | Annexation | Bethlehem Borough Ordinance 57 | no | 1912 |
View | Annexation | South Whitehall Township-Allentown City Proposed 1927 Annexation | no | 1927 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 86 | no* | 1928 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 2554 | no | 1929–1930 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 9860 | no | 1947 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Resolution 9867 | no | 1947 |
View | Annexation | Coopersburg Borough Ordinance 193 | no* | 1958 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10067 and 10103 | no* | 1963 |
View | Annexation | Slatington Borough Ordinance 340 | no | 1963 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10177 | no* | 1963–1964 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 11019 | no* | 1966 |
View | Annexation | Allentown City Ordinance 10761 | no | 1965–1967 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 448 | no* | 1968–1971 |
View | Annexation | Emmaus Borough Ordinance 450 | no* | 1969–1971 |
View | Home Rule | Catasauqua Borough Proposed 1972 Home Rule | no* | 1972 |
View | Home Rule | Allentown City Proposed 1980 Home Rule | no* | 1980 |
View | Home Rule | North Whitehall Township Proposed 1980 Home Rule | no* | 1980 |
View | Home Rule | Upper Macungie Township Proposed 1979 Optional Plan | no* | 1979–1980 |
View | First Class Township | Lower Macungie Township Proposed 1995 1st Class | no | 1995 |
View | Boundary Realignment | Salisbury Township-Upper Saucon Township 2000s Boundary Realignment | unknown~ | 2002–2009 |